PHI includes all individually identifiable health information, including demographic data, medical histories, test results, insurance information, and other information used to identify a patient or provide healthcare services or healthcare coverage.

But, there are other ways your PHI can leak out including electronic communications and social media. In order to protect you and your information we recommend you contact your counselor via phone. Clients often use text or email as a convenient way to communicate in their personal lives. However, texting is not confidential. Phones can be lost or stolen. DO NOT communicate sensitive information over text. If you consent to using text message with your counselor we recommend only doing so for scheduling purposes.

Do not use email for emergencies. In the case of an emergency call 911, your local emergency hotline or go to the nearest emergency room. Additionally, e-mail is not a substitute for sessions. If you need to be seen, please call to book an appointment. E-mail is not confidential. Do not communicate sensitive medical or mental health information via email. Furthermore, if you send email from a work computer, your employer has the legal right to read it. E-mail is a part of your medical record.

• Reduced Ability to Choose: Most health care plans today (insurance, PPO, HMO, etc.) offer little coverage and/or reimbursement for mental health services.  Most HMOs and PPOs require “preauthorization” before you can receive services.  This means you must call the company and justify why you are seeking therapeutic services in order for you to receive reimbursement.  The insurance representative, who may or may not be a mental health professional, will decide whether services will be allowed.  If authorization is given, you are often restricted to seeing the providers on the insurance company’s list.  Reimbursement is reduced if you choose someone who is not on the contracted list; consequently, your choice of providers is often significantly restricted.
• Pre-Authorization and Reduced Confidentiality: Insurance typically authorizes several therapy sessions at a time.  When these sessions are finished, your therapist must justify the need for continued services.  Sometimes additional sessions are not authorized, leading to an end of the therapeutic relationship even if therapeutic goals are not completely met.  Your insurance company may require additional clinical information that is confidential in order to approve or justify a continuation of services.  Confidentiality cannot be assured or guaranteed when an insurance company requires information to approve continued services.  Even if the therapist justifies the need for ongoing services, your insurance company may decline services.  Your insurance company dictates if treatment will or will not be covered.  Note: Personal information might be added to national medical information data banks regarding treatment. 
• Negative Impacts of a Psychiatric Diagnosis: Insurance companies require clinicians to give a mental health diagnosis (i.e., “major depression” or “obsessive-compulsive disorder”) for reimbursement.  Psychiatric diagnoses may negatively impact you in the following ways:

1. 1. Denial of insurance when applying for disability or life insurance;
   2. Company (mis)control of information when claims are processed;
   3. Loss of confidentiality due to the increased number of persons handling claims;
   4. Loss of employment and/or repercussions of a diagnosis in situations where you may be required to reveal a mental health disorder diagnosis on your record.  This includes but is not limited to: applying for a job, financial aid, and/or concealed weapons permits. 
   5. A psychiatric diagnosis can be brought into a court case (ie: divorce court, family law, criminal, etc.). 

 It is also important to note that some psychiatric diagnoses are not eligible for reimbursement.  This is often true for marriage/couples therapy.